Fluid-motor.



0. 1E. BENITEZ.

FLUID MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 13, 1908. v WLMQ Patented 0011.4, 19w.

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G. P. BENITEZ.

FLUID MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.13, 1908.

9"? 1 5 1 Y Patented Oct. 4, 1910.

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CARLOS F. BENITEZ, F GUADALAJARA, MEXICO.

FLUID-MOTOR.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. a, 1910.

Application filed August 13, 1908. Serial No. 448,291.

, specification.

This invention relates to a motor of that type in which the valve for controlling the admission and exhaust of the motive fluid,

which may be elastic or inelastic, is reciprocated directly by the piston of the motor, whereby the piston is alternately reversed or reciprocated.

The inventionhas for one of its objects to improve and simplify the construction and operation of motors of this character so as to be reliable and eflicient in use, composed of few parts, and comparatively simple and inexpensive, to manufacture and keep in repalr.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a motor having anovel arrangement of ports, passages and controlling means whereby the motor can be converted from single to double acting or vice versa.

With these objects in view and others, as

will appear: as the description proceeds, the

invention comprises the various novel features of construction and arrangement of parts which Wlll be more fully described hereinafter and set forth with particularity in the claims appended hereto.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of the invention, Figure 1 is a frontview of the motor or engine. Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal section thereof. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section on line 33, Fig. 2. Fig. 4' is a fragmentary sectional view on line 4-4,

gimilar reference characters are employed to designate corresponding parts throughout the views. U

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the bed of the engine which is provided with pedestals 2 that support the horizontallydisposed cylinder 3, the cylinder having heads 4 fastened to opposite ends and provided with stuffing boxes 5 through which the piston rod 6 extends.

,Mounted for reciprocation in the cylinder 3 is a iston 7 connected with the rod 6,

which atter may be connected with the mechanism to be actuated by the motor Carried by the cylinder and, preferably, al-

' though not necessarilyformcd as a casting separate therefrom, is a cylindrical valve casing 8 which is provided with longitudinal flanges 9 which bear on the outer surface of the cylinder3 and through which pass screws or other fastenings 10 for securing the valve casing to the cylinder. One end of the valve casing is provided with a stuffing box 11 through which passes a reciprocatory valve stem 12 that is connected by a cross piece 13 with one end of a hollow cylindrical or tubular valve 14 which is slidably mounted in the casing and snugly fits therein. The head 15 opposite from the stufiing box 11 is connected with an exhaust pipe 16 for conducting away the motive fluid after having acted on the piston 7 in the cylinder 3, theexhaust fluid being conducted from the cylinder through the bore or chamber in the valve 14. The motive fluid is supplied to the engine through a conduit 17 which has branches 18 and 18 connected with ports 19 and'19 at opposite ends of the valve casing, and in the branches are throttle valves 20 and 20 whereby the motive fluid can be supplied to either end of the cylinder or to both to adapt the engine to operate on the single or doubleacting principle. The valve 14 is prov1ded with transversely-extending diametricallydisposed passages 21 and 21 in the form of tubes which are threaded or otherwise secured in diametrically-disposed openings 22 in the walls of the valve 14, and these tubes are so arranged that the outer end of one will register with one port of the supply conduit, while the outer end of the other 'tube is disposed out of register with the other port. The tubes 21 and 21" are of such length as to extend into the cyllnder 3, the wall of which and of the valve casing are provided with elongated openings or slots 23 for permitting the said tubes to move back .and forth with the valve 14. The inner ends of the tubes are provided with openings 24 by means of which the motive fluid is conducted to the piston cylinder, and furthermore these projectingends of the tubes form 'abutments disposed in coil erative relation with the piston so that the atter can impart reciprocatory movement to the valve 14.

In order to prevent shock in the movement of the valve by the piston, the latter is provided at opposite sides ,with cushioning devices 25 which respectively engage the tubular members 21 and 21 adjacent the end of each stroke of the piston to thereby .re-

' the tubu ciprocate the valve to bring one tube into register with its supply port while moving the other tube out of register with its supply port.

The fluid is exhausted from the cylinder by separate ports or sets of ports 26 and 26 adjacent opposite ends of the cylinder which respectively communicate with passages 27 and 27' that lead to the chamber of the valve casing, and communication is controlled between these passages and the chamber of the valve by ports 23 and 28 in the latter. These ports 23 and 28 are spaced apart a greater distance than are the passages 27 and 27' so that when the valve is in either of its extreme positions, only one set of ports will register with its respective passages, and by this means, fluid will be exhausted from the cylinder chamber at one side of the piston while live motive fluid is supplied to the chamber at the opposite side of the piston. The passages 27 and 27 are provided re spectively with valves 29 and 29 to operate with the valves 20 1n controlling the flow of the motive fluid in using the apparatus as a single or double acting engine. The valve stem 12 may be connected with any suitable device for shifting the valve to reverse the flow of fluid to and from the cylinder, and hence reverse the reciprocation of the piston.

It may be desirable, in some instances, to provide a retarding device for the valve 14 to prevent excessive freedom of action thereof. For this purpose, the valve casing 8 has an opening 30 in which is arranged a saddleshaped friction shoe or block 31 housed in a boxing 32 and pressed against or in frictional engagement with the valve by a spring 33. This spring, which is disposed in the boxing 32, surrounds a stem 34 connected with the shoe or follower 31, andits tension is adjusted by a nut 35 on the stem which acts through a washer 36 hearing on the outer end of the spring.

In Fig. 2, the engine is represented as operating on the double-acting principle when an impulse is being imparted to the piston to move it to the right. The motive fluidsis entering the cylinder from the conduitl'? through the passa e 21 to act on the left side of the pistoniwhl e the fluid on the right side of the piston is passing out through the exhaust cylinder ports 26 passages 27, and valve ports 28, and thence passes longitudinally through the'valve 1 1 and discharges through the exhaust conduit 16. As the piston nears the end of its stroke to the ri ht, the cushioning device 25 strikes Iar member 21' of the valve 14 and shifts the latter in the same direction the piston is moving, with the result that the ports 28 are thrown out of register with their passages 27 and the passage 21 is thrown out of register with the supply port 19, and while this is taking place, the passage 21 is moved into register with the supply port 19, and the valve ports 28 are moved into register with the exhaust passages 27. The live motive fluid is consequently admitted to the cylinder to act on the right side of the piston to drive the same to the left while the fluid in the cylinder at the left side of the piston is pasing out through the ports 26, passages 27, ports 28 and chamber of the valve 1 1. When it is desired to operate the engine only on one side of the piston, the valves 29 of the exhaust passages 27 and the valve 20 are closed while the valves at theiopposite end of the cylinder are left open, or vice versa.'

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the advantages of the construction and of the method of operation will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention appertains, and while I have described the principle of operationof the invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to be the best embodiment thereof, I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is merely illustrative, and that such changes may be made when desired as are within the scope of the claims appended hereto.

Having thus described the invention,what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a motor, the combination of a cylinder having exhaust passages near its opposite ends, a piston therein, a valve caslng having passages registering with the ex- 7 ieither end of the cylinder and the bore of the valve can be established, an exhaust condurt connected with one end of the valve casing-for receiving the exhaust fluid through the bore of the valve at one end thereof, and means controlled by the said valve for admittin fluid alternately-to opposite ends of the cy inder. V

2. In a fluid motor, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve casing mounted on the cylinder, a hollow valve body mounted for reciprocation in the easmg and provided with exhaust ports in its sides adjacent its ends, passages extending from the cylinder to the valve casing near the ends thereof with which said ports are adapted to alternately register, separate inlet ports arranged in the side of the valve 'caslng, and-means carried by the valve for orts with opposite ends of the cylinder indealternately connecting the said inlet pendently of the exhaust'passages. 3. In a motor, the combination of a cyllnder, a piston therein, avalve casing mounted in cooperative relation with the cylinder, passages communicating with the cylinder and the valve casin near the ends t ereof, a reciprocatory tubu ar valve transversely fillin the bore of the valve casing and provide with ports arranged to respectlvely register with one of the passages to permit exhaust fluid to pass through either passage to the bore of the valve, an exhaust conduit in permanent communication with the bore of the valve, separate supply ports in the valve casing, and openendedtubes carried by the valve in transverse relation thereto and spaced at such distance apart that one tube will register with a supply port while the other tube is out of register with the other supply port whereby fluid will be admitted alternately to opposite ends of the cylinder.

4. In a motor, the combination. of a cylinder, a reciprocatory piston mounted therein, a valve casing, separate exhaust passages connecting the ends of the cylinder withthe casing, a hollow open-ended valve mounted 'for reciprocation in thecasing and provided with separate ports adapted to alternately register with the exhaust passages upon reciprocation of the valve, an exhaust conduit communicating at all times with the valve to receive the fluid passing into the latter through both ports, separate inlet ports in the wall of the casing, and hollow members mounted in the valve to move therewith into and out of register with the said inlet ports and extending into the cylinder to supply fluid thereto and to receive motion from the piston at the end of its stroke in either direction for reciprocating the valve, said members being closed to the exhaust passages: v a

5. In a motor, the combination of a cylinder, a piston mounted therein, a valve casing associated with the cylinder, separate exhaust passages extending from the cylinder to the casing near the ends thereof, a hollow reciprocatory valve mounted in the casing and having ports arranged to separately register with said passages, tubular members separate from and secured to the valve and extending transversely from one side to the other thereof, said members being closed to the bore of the valve and one end of veach member projecting from the valve and extending into the cylinder, the Walls of the cylinderand casingbeing slotted to receive the projecting ends of the members and the said projecting ends being open to admit fluid to the cylinder and arranged to receive motion from the piston, and fluid-supplying devices separately connected with the casing at the opposite limits of movement of said tubular members whereby at the end of-each stroke of the valve one of said tubular members will be made to register with one of the fluid supplying devices.

6. In a motor, ,the combination of a cylinder, a piston mounted therein, a casing mounted on the cylinder, exhaust passages connecting opposite ends of the cylinder with the ends of the casing, a reciprocatory open-ended tubular valve mounted in the casing and providedwith ports arranged to alternately register with the exhaust pas- ,sages, an exhaust conduit connected with the casing and communicating with the valve chamber, inlet ports in the casing, transversely arranged tubular members carried by thevalve to alternately register with the inlet ports and permanently communicating with the ends of the cylinder, said members being closed to the valve and said .valve having oppositely-disposed openings for receiving the ends of the said tubular members, and means for reciprocating the valve. v

7. In a motor, the combination ofa cylinder, a piston therein, a valve casing, separate exhaust passages between the ends of the cylinder and casing, a-valve in each passage, a reciprocatory valve having separate ports arranged to alternately register with v the cylinder and the valve casin a valve in each passage, an exhaust con uit leading from one end of the casing, a supply conduit having separate connections with the valve casing, a valve. in each connection, and a single valve device mounted in the casing for simultaneously admitting fluid from one of the said connections to one end of the cylinder while exhausting fluid from the opposite end of the cylinder through oneof the said exhaust passages and exhaust conduit.

9. In a fluid motor, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve casing mounted on the cylinder, there being longitudinal registering slots in the walls of the ca sing and cylinder, separate exhaust passages leading from the cylinder to the easing, valves in said passages, a fluid supply conduit having separate inlet branches con nected with the casing, a valve in each branch, a reciprocatory open-ended tubular valve mounted in the casing and provided with ports through which the exhaust passages alternately communicate with the bore of the valve, an exhaust conduit permanently communicating with the bore of the valve, tubular members carried by and ex- 1 slots in the Walls of the cylinder and the tending across the bore of the valve and l valve casing into the path of the piston;

permanently open from end to end to alterr nately communicate with the said inlet CARLOS BENITEL branches for admitting fluid alternately to l Witnesses:

the opposite ends of the cylinder, said mem- I bers projecting from the valve through the JOHN H. SIeGERs, TERESA C. DE BENITEZ. 

